Friday, 16 May 2014

NEO-NORSE - TIME REFERENCE

In this language you determine the time of events in a sentence by using time indicatives. Once the time has been specified, the sentences keep that time until specified again. If no time is indicated, present is expected. 



Tense like in Old Norse, or in English does not exist in this language. This is the consequence of my attempt to remove most of the word-changing business (inflection). If you compare Latin with it's daughter language English, you will see that a lot of the inflection has already disappeared. I just take it a small step further.


 
 I think it's easier to specify the subject like in the English language (I + drink) instead of changing the verb like in Latin (bib -> bibo). Similarly, I think it's easier to specify the time with another word (e.g. yesterday I drink) instead of inflecting the verb (I drank). And if specification is not required you just don't write the indicative.

Maybe you're thinking that it's easier for me, because my mother tongue doesn't use a lot of inflection, and so I'm not used to it. Well, Dutch uses inflection a little more than English, but I suppose it's still inflection-light. Perhaps learning inflection rules is as easy as learning indicatives for a naive person.

However, in inflection-heavy languages like Latin you have to learn both the inflection schemes AND the indicatives. For example, Latin uses personal conjugation and personal pronouns. Apparently the indicatives are very handy words, even in languages with heavy inflection.

Moreover, a language that uses both inflection and indicatives is no worse off without inflection. A person could say: 'Yesterday I walk through the forest'. It sounds weird, but it contains the same information. In this case you don't need the verb to change. 'Tomorrow she eat the banana.' Sounds even sillier, but retains all the information.


TIME INDICATORS

Here are some of the time indicators of the new language:

Yesterday:            gáárdax         (lit. previous day)
Today:                þesdax          (lit. this day)
Tomorrow:             náástdax        (lit. next day)

Past:                 tyltyym         (lit. until time)
Present:              þestyym         (lit. this time)
Future:               fraatyym        (lit. since time)

Previous morning:     gáár mórxun
Previous afternoon:   gáár eftmyðdax
Previous evening:     gáár kveld

Tomorrow morning:     náást mórxun
Tomorrow afternoon:   náást eftmyðdax
Tomorrow evening:     náást kveld


And here some example sentences:

I run through the woods.
Ek raða þurx skóóx.

I ran through the woods.
Tyltyym ek raða þurx skóóx.

Yesterday I was running through the woods.
Gáárdax ek vera raðandi þurx skóóx. 

Last evening I ran through the woods.
Gáár kveld ek raða þurx skóóx.

I will run through the woods.
Fraatyym ek raða þurx skóóx.

Tomorrow I will be running through the woods.
Náástdax ek vera raðandi þurx skóóx.

Tomorrow morning I will have been running through the woods.
Náást mórxun ek vera raðaðör þurx skóóx.

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